However, in recent years it is ADHD that has become the general label for attention difficulties, both with and without the hyperactivity. Attention difficultiesĪttention deficit disorder (ADD) and attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) used to be grouped under the umbrella term of ADD. Learn about the signs of dyslexia, strategies for students with dyslexia, Am I dyslexic? and How to help adults with dyslexia in these posts. Some common signs of dyslexia include problems reading out loud, inconsistent spelling – they may be able to spell a word one day and not the next - losing one’s place on a page, a poor grasp of phonics, letter reversals, halted writing due to trouble with spelling, and a vocabulary that’s more limited in scope. Because reading and writing are central to most school curriculum, children with undiagnosed dyslexia can quickly fall behind their peers as they experience problems with note taking, reading, homework, writing assignments and assessments.ĭyslexia is not associated with lower intelligence, but language difficulties can cause children to believe they are less intelligent than their peers and result in low-confidence and a poor self-image. This has consequences for decoding in reading and can also cause spelling and writing difficulties. There are different types of dyslexia but the most common type is phonological dyslexia which affects the way people break words down into their component parts. Dyslexiaĭyslexia is one of the most common learning difficulties - also known as learning disabilities, in the US. The term l earning difficulty falls somewhere in-between, describing the added challenges an individual might face in a typical school environment, but also suggesting that these challenges are difficulties that can be overcome. They are not disabled, it’s just that their brains work differently. On the other hand, a learning difference takes the opposite approach in underscoring that a person simply learns in a different way from others. It can also suggest they are in a permanent state of disadvantage and cause them to lose agency. The word disability implies a person is less able than his or her peers. The differences between these labels can seem subtle but may have implications for how an individual with a learning difficulty views him or herself. You may also encounter the terms learning differences or specific learning differences. Learning difficulties are sometimes referred to as learning disabilities. For example, dyslexia and dyspraxia, or ADD/ADHD and dyspraxia can occur together. It’s not uncommon for learning difficulties and motor-skills difficulties to co-present. There is also dyspraxia, a motor-skills difficulty that can affect a learner’s ability to write by hand, and may impact on planning skills. No two individuals with a learning difficulty are exactly alike and many conditions, such as dyslexia, attention deficit disorder, attention deficit hyperactive disorder, dyscalculia, and dysgraphia, exist on a wide-spectrum. A child or adult with a learning difficulty may require additional time to complete assignments at school and can often benefit from strategy instruction and classroom accommodations, such as material delivered in special fonts or the ability to use a computer to take notes. It may interfere with literacy skills development and math/maths and can also affect memory, ability to focus and organizational skills. A learning difficulty is a condition that can cause an individual to experience problems in a traditional classroom learning context.
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